Kazuo Ishiguro, born in Japan in 1954 but raised in England, explores the boundaries of human nature and artificial intelligence in his latest work, Klara and the Sun(2021). With the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Ishiguro raises questions and concerns about the coexistence of AI and humans, throwing profound inquiries into the dignity, existence, and essence of humanity that may arise from future technological advancements. Klara, an AF(Artificial Friend), wondered if AFs were happy with their child and with their home and she would feel pain alongside her happiness. Klara possesses distinguishably cognitive sensitivity that other robots lack and raises questions about the relationship between humans and robots and about the robot’s own identity. Through the questions posed by Klara, Ishiguro emphasizes the recovery of humanity and ethical consciousness through Krissie, Josie’s mother, who manipulates Klara to become Josie. Klara not only agrees to be Josie herself but prays to the Sun for Josie’s recovery. The author presents deep emotional impact and thought-provoking moments and skillfully conveys universal themes such as humanity and the rights of human life.